Sign language is a language which uses manual communication to express meaning rather than sound, combining handshapes, orientation and movements, arms, body and facial expressions to express smoothly the thoughts of the speaker. Sign language developed in deaf communities, which can include interpreters, friends and relatives of the deaf or hearing impaired.
Contrary to the thinking of many people sign language is universal. Where there is a deaf community develops a language of signs, as with spoken languages, varies according to location. Sign languages \u200b\u200bare not based on the language of the country in
that originate, in fact, their grammars are completely different, very complex and are related to space. However, they have created several ways to "translate" the spoken languages \u200b\u200blike English on signs or sign language walpiri. There are hundreds of sign languages \u200b\u200baround the world and each is the center of the culture of the deaf community.
Sign languages \u200b\u200band oral languages \u200b\u200b
There is a misconception that sign languages \u200b\u200bare dependent on oral languages, that is, they are simply spelling gestures spoken languages or are they people speaking these languages \u200b\u200bhave been invented.
Overall, the sign languages \u200b\u200bare independent of the oral and follow their own patterns of development. For example, British Sign Language and American are different and mutually unintelligible (except iconic signs), although the languages British and American oral are very similar and mutually comprehensible.
The ultimate test that establishes the differences between spoken languages \u200b\u200band sign is that the latter can only be "exploiting" visual version. The spoken languages \u200b\u200bare hearing and therefore linear. The sounds can be received and produced only one at a time, while the whole scene visual languages \u200b\u200bcan be interpreted and received at a time. So all information can be expressed at the same time, this idea is difficult to understand for listeners, so let's take an example, in English we say: "I came here by car, if we add information we have to make longer phrase or even add another: "I came here by car and was very pleasant" or "I came here by car and the trip was very nice", but some sign languages \u200b\u200bas American can say "drive" and expressions of the body or face to add the idea that was very nice. See oral language as well as the length of sentences depends on the amount of information we want to express, on change in sign language would be the same length.
History of sign language
The deaf community around the world has developed a visual language. Sign language used in U.S. is a mixture of signs that are brought from France in the nineteenth. Some signs are still in force in this country. Since at that time there was no standardized sign language took the local signs and together they created the French and American Sign Language, which today is considered one of the most sophisticated and complete languages \u200b\u200bin the world. Although American Indians used signs to communicate between different tribes, it seems that this has been very influential in sign language that has evolved with the deaf.
Cogsewell Dr. Mason became interested in communication with the deaf, since her own daughter, Alice stood silent, a young minister Dr. Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet, a graduate of Yale University, taught a pilot basis on sign language. As a result Dr. Gallaudet was sent to investigate methods abroad, these methods were later used in England. In London, Gallaudet met Abbé Sicard, who invited him to go to Paris to learn his school which was founded in 1755. Abbe, who is believed invented sign language, wrote a book in which he spoke about sign language and deaf education methods. After Dr. Gallaudet spent several months studying educational methods and signs, was ready to return to the U.S.. He was accompanied by a young teacher and deaf Frenchman Laurent Clerc, who had proven to be very professional and agreed to help American school in the future. The first permanent school for the deaf was established in Hartford, Connecticut in 1817. Some years later, after several schools were created throughout the U.S., thought of creating a university. This dream he shared with his son, Edward Miner Gallaudet, who was responsible for creating the Gallaudet University, the first and only university for the deaf, located in Washington, President Lincoln signed the statutes of the University in 1864.
finger spelling, the use of hands to spell, is considered a historical element of communication manual. The position of the fingers represent in some way, shape of the letters of the alphabet. We found illustrations of manual alphabets of the early Christian era. Latin Bibles X century drawings show the positions of the hands and know that people living in close using finger spelling as a means of communication. Most European countries use an alphabet that requires the use of both hands. Today every country has its manual alphabet, which only understand the speakers of that language.
signs represent ideas and not individual words. Many signs are iconic, ie using a visual image to express an idea. The clearest example of this category are the animals: the antlers of deer, the elephant's trunk, donkey ears, beard and horns of the goat, etc. Some signs are also represented by an action, this happens with milk, coffee, love and growth. There are other signs that are arbitrary and do not know the reason for its formation. It is interesting to note that many signs have not changed since its inception, although the connection to its origin is lost. For example the sign for "toast" is represented by putting a fork in the pan closer to the fire, there have been many attempts to change this sign to adapt to modern times, but attempts have not result. The original sign was made targeting the deaf ear first and then the mouth, to relate the terms deaf-mute. Although this sign has also changed and now is performed only pointing to the ear, many deaf people still use the old.
Many people wonder whether sign language is universal or not. The answer is no, all countries have developed their own sign language and they have a level of standardization within the country. In recent years it has created a universal sign language known as Gestuno. The Gestuno has been used in the Olympic Games for the Deaf and other international events. People who know sign language believe that it is easier to cross language barriers by communicating with a deaf person using sign language with spoken language speaker. Currently the sign language is gaining prestige and some do offer credit Univesidad sign language courses, some even accept advanced degrees sign language to cover the foreign language sections. Some people consider sign language as an art and deaf theater company is making several representations in this language, with the idea of \u200b\u200bshowing the world the reality of language and the deaf. Also represents the sign language interpretation of music, the beauty of lyrics, emotion and rhythm of music. Both deaf and listeners can enjoy this experience through the communication of sign language this makes it possible to share many things and learn from each other.
Glossary of Terms CNSE in: http://www.nosfaltanmanos.org
Deaf are those suffering from hearing loss to a greater or lesser degree, and they encounter in their everyday communication barriers.
The term deaf is wrong and has fallen into disuse. Deaf people can communicate well through sign language and access to spoken language and speech (each according to their skills). Deaf Community
the group that participates in cultural and linguistic values \u200b\u200bforged around sign language and a worldview eminently visual. The deaf community is composed of deaf and hearing people who share the same linguistic and cultural heritage.
Sign Language natural language of deaf people. It is not universal, each country has its own language. Spain uses the English Sign Language and in the area of \u200b\u200bCatalonia, Catalan Sign Language
As research shows language, sign languages \u200b\u200bhave all the characteristics of spoken languages. The expression "Sign language" is therefore incorrect because it is a language.
Signares the act of communicating in sign language.
Sign Language Interpreter professional translating a spoken language to sign language and vice versa. The performers are the bridge of communication between deaf and hearing. Play a key role in the actual participation of deaf people in society. Speechreading
facial or lip consider a widespread myth that all deaf people can communicate well with the listeners through his talent for reading lips. But lip-reading is not easy, since oral language is designed to be transmitted by ear, not by sight. There are many variables that prevent a good lip reading such as lighting, the position of the speaker and the ability to vocalize, among other factors.
educational BilingüeEnfoque Education aims at promoting linguistic competence in two languages, both spoken and sign language. The deaf children acquiring sign language spontaneously, just to socialize with others that mark. To master the spoken language, require a long learning process, which can be expedited with the help of sign language.
ComunicaciónSon barriers barriers to deaf people access to information or hinder communication. For example, the lack of subtitles in the media or the absence of interpreters in the various spheres of public life. Communication barriers are less well-known architectural barriers because they are invisible, but they are numerous and isolate deaf people.
Misconceptions about the LSE
Is Sign Language mime? The mime is a stylistic device that can be easily used by Deaf people, but to say that sign language is just mime to say that spoken language is only onomatopoeia.
Do sign languages \u200b\u200bare artificial communication systems augmentative or spoken languages?. No, often it is believed that sign languages \u200b\u200bare solely intended to support the learning of spoken language, ignoring the fact that this has value in itself.
"Sign Language is reduced to finger spelling?. No, there are people who still think that sign languages \u200b\u200bare simple representations of finger spelling, but the finger spelling is just a resource that is to represent each of the letters of the alphabet by shape or configuration of the hand. This system is only used by Deaf communities in highly restricted, as in the case of proper names that are not significant among their users or even not a sign that represents a concept. Contact
a deaf person is not as difficult as it may seem at first sight. These tips are guidelines to socialize and try to understand you with a deaf person:
Look for eye contact. Make sure that the place where you are is well lit and speak in front so you can see your face. Remember that the deaf person will receive all the information you give through the eyes and no ear.
To get their attention. If no one's watching, you can call it shaking your hand, turning on or off the room light, giving a gentle tap on the floor or in a cabinet close to notice the vibration and pay attention. If you are close, need not be abrupt, with a slight tap on the shoulder or arm will suffice.
not scream. A deaf person will not hear you much you yell. Also, when he shouted the expression of our face becomes more tense, tense, and that is what you capture in place of your message.
Talk calmly and vocalizing. It is convenient to use a relaxed pace. Should not speak quickly, but not go too slowly. Vocalizes without exaggerating or making faces rare. It is always helpful to use short sentences and simple for quick understanding.
Avoid obstacles that prevent you from seeing your lips. Put your hands in your mouth while talking, smoking a cigarette, chewing gum or candies are taking actions that may hinder the understanding of your words. Nor should you turn you or you move a lot while talking. In short, take a stand that lets you see your mouth without difficulty.
Unleash your expressiveness. Anyone know a multitude of gestures and expressions commonly used in this society. Know that these gestures are not part of sign language, but will help you convey what you mean. Do not hesitate, use them. Notes
expression. Although you do not have experience in connect with a deaf person, they do have to interact with those who hear. They do it every day. Generally tend to be very expressive, so do not worry sabrás en el acto si has tenido éxito al comunicarte o debes insistir en alguna frase.
La actitud es lo que cuenta. Estas pautas te ayudarán a establecer contacto, sin embargo, no olvides que lo más importante para comunicarse con ella es la actitud; la intención que le pongas. Tu voluntad de entender y de hacerte entender hará maravillas.
Al margen de estas estrategias rápidas de comunicación, no te olvides de que la lengua de signos nos ofrece la posibilidad de tener una conversación eficaz, completa y en tiempo real con las personas sordas. Si te apetece, no lo dudes acércate a la Lengua de Signos.
