¿Qué es?
El trastorno obsesivo compulsivo (TOC) estuvo considerado hasta hace algunos years as a rare psychiatric disorder that is unresponsive to treatment. Is now recognized as a common problem that affects 2 percent of the population. OCD is a disorder in the group of anxiety disorders characterized by:
Obsessions are ideas, thoughts, images or impulses recurrent and persistent that are not experienced as voluntarily produced, but rather as thoughts that invade consciousness and are experienced as senseless or repugnant.
Compulsions: repetitive behaviors, and apparently are finalists, performed according to certain rules in a stereotypical way. The act is performed with a subjective sense of compulsion together with a desire to resist the compulsion, at least initially. Causes
not yet know the cause of OCD, although it is known not as a response to a perceived conflict intrapsychic conflict nor a sexually repressed, as they said the old psychoanalytic theories. The effectiveness of antidepressants reuptake inhibitors of serotonin in the treatment of OCD suggests that the origin may be due to altered serotonin. This neurotransmitter is believed to help regulate mood, aggression and impulsivity. Symptoms
OCD obsessions and compulsions common in people with OCD include: Obsessions
Fear Fear of contamination caused damage to others or something happens to you parents, family ... Ideas
aggressive or sexual content
Conscientiousness / Thoughts prohibited excessive religiosity
symmetry Need
need to say or confess
washing compulsions
Repeat action to make 'good'
sure you have closed the door, having closed water ... Touching
Count objects or until a certain number
Order
Accumulate (can not throw anything) Pray
OCD Types Within
OCD can be distinguished eight types:
scrubbers and cleaners, are people who eat away obsessions related to contamination by certain objects or situations.
Verifiers, which excessively inspected in order to prevent a specific disaster occurs.
Repeaters are those individuals who insist on the execution of repetitive actions.
Computers: are people who demand that things around them are prepared in accordance with certain strict guidelines, including symmetric distributions.
Batteries: collect objects insignificant, which can not discard. Mental ritualized
: tend to appeal to repetitive thoughts or images in order to counteract their anxiety-provoking ideas and images, which are the obsessions. Tormented and pure obsessive
: experience repeated negative thoughts that are uncontrollable and quite disturbing.
Sex: is recurrent sexual thoughts, that mainly include an exaggerated fear of being homosexual.
Diagnostics OCD in children begins from 7 to 10 years and has a prevalence of 0.3 to 1.9 percent in children and adolescents. 33 percent of adults with OCD say their symptoms began in childhood. Often the child is ashamed of his compulsions because they are logical, but you can not avoid, for fear that something worse happens. Sometimes symptoms can greatly affect the child in school. Other times they are present at home, and parents may believe that the child makes to annoy me.
OCD is more common than previously believed for years. It is estimated that approximately 2 percent of the population suffers. This figure includes estimates of patients who conceal their illness and who have not yet been diagnosed. Treatments
Pharmacotherapy: Medication is helpful in controlling symptoms of OCD, but often, if you leave the drug, relapse occurs. Most people will need medication indefinidamente.El first treatment specifically approved for use in OCD was the tricyclic antidepressant clomipramine (Anafranil). Second-generation psychotropic drugs that are used today are called reuptake inhibitors (SSRI). Extensive studies have shown that these inhibitors favor, at least slightly, to nearly 80 percent of patients. And more than half the cases, medication to relieve symptoms of OCD by diminishing the frequency and intensity of obsessions and compulsions. The improvement usually not reached until two or more weeks of treatment.
Therapy Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP): The traditional psychotherapy and psychoanalysis, aimed at helping the patient to perceive the problem, is not helpful for OCD. However, a psychological specific method, called the EPR, is effective for many people, especially those with behavioral rituals. By this method the patient faces, deliberately or voluntarily, the feared object or idea, either directly or by imagination. At the same time, the patient is encouraged to keep their rituals to support and means provided by the therapist, and possibly others that the patient recruits for assistance. Studies and daily practice show that the EPR is a therapy very successful for most patients is completed and the positive effects persist after treatment ends.
El trastorno obsesivo compulsivo (TOC) estuvo considerado hasta hace algunos years as a rare psychiatric disorder that is unresponsive to treatment. Is now recognized as a common problem that affects 2 percent of the population. OCD is a disorder in the group of anxiety disorders characterized by:
Obsessions are ideas, thoughts, images or impulses recurrent and persistent that are not experienced as voluntarily produced, but rather as thoughts that invade consciousness and are experienced as senseless or repugnant.
Compulsions: repetitive behaviors, and apparently are finalists, performed according to certain rules in a stereotypical way. The act is performed with a subjective sense of compulsion together with a desire to resist the compulsion, at least initially. Causes
not yet know the cause of OCD, although it is known not as a response to a perceived conflict intrapsychic conflict nor a sexually repressed, as they said the old psychoanalytic theories. The effectiveness of antidepressants reuptake inhibitors of serotonin in the treatment of OCD suggests that the origin may be due to altered serotonin. This neurotransmitter is believed to help regulate mood, aggression and impulsivity. Symptoms
OCD obsessions and compulsions common in people with OCD include: Obsessions
Fear Fear of contamination caused damage to others or something happens to you parents, family ... Ideas
aggressive or sexual content
Conscientiousness / Thoughts prohibited excessive religiosity
symmetry Need
need to say or confess
washing compulsions
Repeat action to make 'good'
sure you have closed the door, having closed water ... Touching
Count objects or until a certain number
Order
Accumulate (can not throw anything) Pray
OCD Types Within
OCD can be distinguished eight types:
scrubbers and cleaners, are people who eat away obsessions related to contamination by certain objects or situations.
Verifiers, which excessively inspected in order to prevent a specific disaster occurs.
Repeaters are those individuals who insist on the execution of repetitive actions.
Computers: are people who demand that things around them are prepared in accordance with certain strict guidelines, including symmetric distributions.
Batteries: collect objects insignificant, which can not discard. Mental ritualized
: tend to appeal to repetitive thoughts or images in order to counteract their anxiety-provoking ideas and images, which are the obsessions. Tormented and pure obsessive
: experience repeated negative thoughts that are uncontrollable and quite disturbing.
Sex: is recurrent sexual thoughts, that mainly include an exaggerated fear of being homosexual.
Diagnostics OCD in children begins from 7 to 10 years and has a prevalence of 0.3 to 1.9 percent in children and adolescents. 33 percent of adults with OCD say their symptoms began in childhood. Often the child is ashamed of his compulsions because they are logical, but you can not avoid, for fear that something worse happens. Sometimes symptoms can greatly affect the child in school. Other times they are present at home, and parents may believe that the child makes to annoy me.
OCD is more common than previously believed for years. It is estimated that approximately 2 percent of the population suffers. This figure includes estimates of patients who conceal their illness and who have not yet been diagnosed. Treatments
Pharmacotherapy: Medication is helpful in controlling symptoms of OCD, but often, if you leave the drug, relapse occurs. Most people will need medication indefinidamente.El first treatment specifically approved for use in OCD was the tricyclic antidepressant clomipramine (Anafranil). Second-generation psychotropic drugs that are used today are called reuptake inhibitors (SSRI). Extensive studies have shown that these inhibitors favor, at least slightly, to nearly 80 percent of patients. And more than half the cases, medication to relieve symptoms of OCD by diminishing the frequency and intensity of obsessions and compulsions. The improvement usually not reached until two or more weeks of treatment.
Therapy Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP): The traditional psychotherapy and psychoanalysis, aimed at helping the patient to perceive the problem, is not helpful for OCD. However, a psychological specific method, called the EPR, is effective for many people, especially those with behavioral rituals. By this method the patient faces, deliberately or voluntarily, the feared object or idea, either directly or by imagination. At the same time, the patient is encouraged to keep their rituals to support and means provided by the therapist, and possibly others that the patient recruits for assistance. Studies and daily practice show that the EPR is a therapy very successful for most patients is completed and the positive effects persist after treatment ends.
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