-called defense mechanisms are not reasoned psychological mechanisms that reduce the consequences of a stressful event, so that the individual often continue to function normally.
research According to ancient defense mechanisms have been useful to humans because it can handle these antropolofigisticamente, becoming what we call today's action and reaction. Defense mechanisms are psychological mechanisms that reduce the consequences of a stressful event, so that the individual can continue to function normally. The behavior patterns that make up the human psyche, are a composite of forces. These forces are genetic traits, the instinctual characteristics that reside in the unconscious and development factors, including: training, environmental circumstances of the individual, and experience and training.
Most people maintain a balance between these forces. Sometimes the balance is very thin and fits with the defense mechanisms.
"coping strategies" refers to activities and behaviors which the individual is aware and "defense mechanisms" refers to unconscious mental processes. Most of the time is given in adoslescentes. The "defense mechanisms", which as mentioned are unconscious behaviors are various forms of psychological defense in which the subject manages to overcome, avoid, circumvent, escape, ignore or feel anguish, frustrations and threats by withdrawing of cognitive stimulation that occur. Among defense mechanisms include the following:
The methods most commonly used by people to overcome, avoid, circumvent, escape or ignore the frustrations and threats include:
Sublimation: the impulse is channeled a new and more acceptable output. It is said that an instinct is sublimated to the extent that it is referred to a new purpose, not sexual, and points to socially valued objects, especially the artistic and intellectual inquiry. Example: a child's wish to exhibit can be sublimated into a vocational career in theater.
Dissociation: refers to the mechanism by which the unconscious mind makes us strongly events or thoughts that would be painful if they were allowed access to our thinking (conscious). Example: forget the birthday of former couples, dates, etc..
Projection: the mechanism by which painful feelings or ideas are projected onto others or things nearby but outside the individual feels that they have nothing to do with him.
Disclaimer: this term the phenomenon by which the individual is obvious factors of reality did not exist. Example: smoking causes cancer but the person denies and even believes that it is good for health to be pleasurable.
Introjection (as opposed to screening) is the subjective incorporation by a person of traits that are characteristic of another. Example: A depressed person may incorporate the attitudes and sympathies of another person and so, if that person has given someone dislike the feel depressed also dislike the individual.
Regression is a return to previous level mental functioning ("more children"). Example: Children may pull in a more child when born brothers and display immature behavior like thumb sucking or bedwetting.
reactive or reaction formation formed: serves to prevent a painful thought or question emerges. The thought is replaced immediately by a friendly. Example: a person who can not admit to himself that makes you dislike someone, never showing signs of hostility and always show a friendly face.
Isolation: the separation of memory and feelings (love, hate). Example: A great love is killed in an incident. Your partner tells the details with a complete lack of emotion.
Displacement: the condition in which not only the feeling connected to a particular person or event is separate, but also that feeling is bound to another person or event. Example: The factory worker has problems with his supervisor but can not pour it out in time. Then back home for no apparent reason, arguing with his wife.
Rationalization is the substitution of a reason acceptable but real, on the other acceptable. Example: a student faces that do not want to study for the exam. So you decide that one should relax for the exams, which justifies going to the cinema to watch a movie when I should be studying.
research According to ancient defense mechanisms have been useful to humans because it can handle these antropolofigisticamente, becoming what we call today's action and reaction. Defense mechanisms are psychological mechanisms that reduce the consequences of a stressful event, so that the individual can continue to function normally. The behavior patterns that make up the human psyche, are a composite of forces. These forces are genetic traits, the instinctual characteristics that reside in the unconscious and development factors, including: training, environmental circumstances of the individual, and experience and training.
Most people maintain a balance between these forces. Sometimes the balance is very thin and fits with the defense mechanisms.
"coping strategies" refers to activities and behaviors which the individual is aware and "defense mechanisms" refers to unconscious mental processes. Most of the time is given in adoslescentes. The "defense mechanisms", which as mentioned are unconscious behaviors are various forms of psychological defense in which the subject manages to overcome, avoid, circumvent, escape, ignore or feel anguish, frustrations and threats by withdrawing of cognitive stimulation that occur. Among defense mechanisms include the following:
The methods most commonly used by people to overcome, avoid, circumvent, escape or ignore the frustrations and threats include:
Sublimation: the impulse is channeled a new and more acceptable output. It is said that an instinct is sublimated to the extent that it is referred to a new purpose, not sexual, and points to socially valued objects, especially the artistic and intellectual inquiry. Example: a child's wish to exhibit can be sublimated into a vocational career in theater.
Dissociation: refers to the mechanism by which the unconscious mind makes us strongly events or thoughts that would be painful if they were allowed access to our thinking (conscious). Example: forget the birthday of former couples, dates, etc..
Projection: the mechanism by which painful feelings or ideas are projected onto others or things nearby but outside the individual feels that they have nothing to do with him.
Disclaimer: this term the phenomenon by which the individual is obvious factors of reality did not exist. Example: smoking causes cancer but the person denies and even believes that it is good for health to be pleasurable.
Introjection (as opposed to screening) is the subjective incorporation by a person of traits that are characteristic of another. Example: A depressed person may incorporate the attitudes and sympathies of another person and so, if that person has given someone dislike the feel depressed also dislike the individual.
Regression is a return to previous level mental functioning ("more children"). Example: Children may pull in a more child when born brothers and display immature behavior like thumb sucking or bedwetting.
reactive or reaction formation formed: serves to prevent a painful thought or question emerges. The thought is replaced immediately by a friendly. Example: a person who can not admit to himself that makes you dislike someone, never showing signs of hostility and always show a friendly face.
Isolation: the separation of memory and feelings (love, hate). Example: A great love is killed in an incident. Your partner tells the details with a complete lack of emotion.
Displacement: the condition in which not only the feeling connected to a particular person or event is separate, but also that feeling is bound to another person or event. Example: The factory worker has problems with his supervisor but can not pour it out in time. Then back home for no apparent reason, arguing with his wife.
Rationalization is the substitution of a reason acceptable but real, on the other acceptable. Example: a student faces that do not want to study for the exam. So you decide that one should relax for the exams, which justifies going to the cinema to watch a movie when I should be studying.
When behavioral adjustment techniques are not sufficient to balance the reality, the result can be reached as follows:
stress and neurotic responses such as anxiety or depression, often accompanied by biological dysfunctions, such as the appetite or sleep, or physiological, psychosomatic diseases such as calls, for example, gastric ulcers or nerve pain. More maladaptive behaviors
serious, including suicide and delusional disorders. Defensive resources would be more appropriate for personality disorders and schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders, however do not constitute any hindrance to any person to resort to them if neurotic defenses are inadequate, and the stimulus intensity overwhelms the defensive capabilities of the individual .
defense mechanisms were proposed in psychoanalysis, Sigmund Freud both as others such as Karl Abraham, but have entered the common stock of psychology in general.
American Psychiatric Association, more recently, taken up in a 'scale defense mechanisms' in the DSM-IV and DSM-IV-TR American Psychiatric Association, as disgnóstico axis for further study, and given them the alternative name of "coping strategies." A variety of authors give their views on the role of defense mechanisms. Staats Arthur has recently proposed that "the defense mechanisms involving the operation of complex language repertoires so that reduce negative emotionality, otherwise, the person would experience."
From a behavioral standpoint, human beings learn to provide themselves stimulation, thereby increasing the chances of anticipating environmental stimulation: ie, they anticipate their environment, thereby increasing its adaptability to future events similar to events of the past who have had some degree of similarity. This is the empirical basis for the property that human beings have not only receive and deliver aversive stimulation from their environment, but also internalize. Thus, not only motivating avoid unpleasant stimulation from the environment, but also to prevent those inside (coverantes responses). The way to avoid this type of aversive stimulation coverante, are precisely the mechanisms of defense.
American Psychiatric Association, more recently, taken up in a 'scale defense mechanisms' in the DSM-IV and DSM-IV-TR American Psychiatric Association, as disgnóstico axis for further study, and given them the alternative name of "coping strategies." A variety of authors give their views on the role of defense mechanisms. Staats Arthur has recently proposed that "the defense mechanisms involving the operation of complex language repertoires so that reduce negative emotionality, otherwise, the person would experience."
From a behavioral standpoint, human beings learn to provide themselves stimulation, thereby increasing the chances of anticipating environmental stimulation: ie, they anticipate their environment, thereby increasing its adaptability to future events similar to events of the past who have had some degree of similarity. This is the empirical basis for the property that human beings have not only receive and deliver aversive stimulation from their environment, but also internalize. Thus, not only motivating avoid unpleasant stimulation from the environment, but also to prevent those inside (coverantes responses). The way to avoid this type of aversive stimulation coverante, are precisely the mechanisms of defense.
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